Comprehensive Strategic Management Emirates Identity Authority Strategy

Introduction There are many methods managers can use to succeed in developing their businesses regarding a number of external and internal factors that many affect the growing and prospering abilities. Strategic planning is one of the possible management tools that aim at ensuring managers and their employees that they work properly to achieve the same goals and consider the changing environment (Bryson, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Comprehensive Strategic Management: Emirates Identity Authority Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The success of strategic management depends on how soon a manager is able to notice the need for change and take the actions that can promote the change. Emirates Identity Authority (Emirates ID) offers an example of how a federal government organization may develop a strategy that can affect organizational performance and introduce a company as a powerful strategic planning figure in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) (Al-Khouri, 2012). The current paper aims at discussing the background of the strategy, its missions, objectives, and outcomes that can prove the effectiveness of the chosen ideas. Emirates ID approach is defined as successful due to several factors, and one of them is the company’s intention to be the first federal organization that can implement the customized strategy development framework, analyze its lifecycles, and promote the cooperation of different departments under the control of a single team called a Strategy Support Office (SSO). The problem statement is connected with the immediate and long-term problems that can take place while implementing the strategy because Emirates ID should know if they have enough sources to cope with the challenges caused by mass enrollment or e-services improvements. Situation Definition There are many reasons for why a governmental organization should focus on developing strategies a nd involving a number of people in the chosen practices.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In 1998, Ahoy introduced the concept of a ‘trap’ a number of organizations can find themselves because of the inability to anticipate and get ready for unexpected change and the necessity to spend their organizational time on reacting and dealing with the already occurred changes (Al-Khouri, 2012). Between 2010 and 2013, Emirates ID introduce a strategy with a properly identified mission, vision, and several strategic objectives that help to achieve success and deal with the external challenges. Performance, Mission, Objectives Emirates ID is the UAE organization that contributes the development of a central population database that is able to save all biometric and even biographic facts of people, who live or visit the UAE. The success of the company may be explained b y several values and intentions of the company. Customer orientation is promoted by the development of trustful relations and the abilities to share feedbacks. The necessity of teamwork makes employees share their experience and knowledge to achieve organizational goals. The attention to innovation is the requirement that helps employees focus on different aspects of their work. Regarding the needs of the company and the expectations of the customers, Emirates ID offers the strategy 2010-2013 with the help of which the company can meet the external changes of the identified period. The mission of the strategy is to make a considerable contribution to individual and national security by means of improving personal identity of the citizens and visitors of the UAE, providing a population registration, and promoting innovating e-services. Managers have the vision to become one of the principle references that can establish personal identity and contain population data across all regions of the UAE (Al-Khouri, 2012). The company makes a decision to prepare its managers for any possible changes that can take place on the basis of mass enrollment or e-services improvements and make sure the members of a new SSO are able to promote communication and execution in terms of the strategy offered. Several clear goals are developed to underline the importance and necessity of the strategy. For example, the enrollment of a new population register may be regarded as a crucial contribution to National and individual security. The attempt to establish ID cards should help to facilitate the delivery of e-services. The possibility of safe and easy data access helps to simplify transactions.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Comprehensive Strategic Management: Emirates Identity Authority Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Finally, the development of a new world-class organization becomes possible wit h properly developed high-quality services offered in time. All these goals and intents are offered as a basis of the strategy discussed in the case. Corporate Governance The meaning of corporate governance has been changed during the last centuries. Tricker and Tricker (2012) admit that corporate governance should be defined by the way according to which it is possible to identify and comprehend the power that is spread among different corporate entities. In other words, corporate governance should describe the relations that are developed among the company’s managers, the representatives of the board of directors, and other people, who may be involved in the development of an organization. The people of Emirates ID understand how crucial and irreplaceable their work can be for the country. The citizens of the country trust in the achievements of the company and realize that their work improves the quality of life. The relations that are developed among the employees of Emir ates ID may become a good example for other organizations to be followed because its people are able to combine knowledge, trust, and experience to help people informing them about all changes and improvements that are necessary. For example, the Corporate Governance Office promotes a number of training courses that are available to employees that get involved in customer services centers and asks people not to neglect this chance of personal excellence and quality (Emirates Identity Authority, 2014). Employees, who can train and improve their qualities, learn new concepts and comprehend the goals of the company regarding the current opportunities and the impact of the internal and external factors. The criteria offered to all UAE international and local organizations make Emirates ID work hard and consider the expectations all the time.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Societal Trends The future of governance also depends on the way of how employees and managers of Emirates ID can understand the importance and worth of societal trends developed by the company. First, the fact of the increased number of tourists cannot be neglected. That is why the questions of demographics and economic development should be constantly discussed. Besides, such trends as multi-cultural relations, social tensions, and sectarian conflicts may influence the development of the strategy under consideration. Finally, the general concepts like the conditions of privatization, globalization, migration, and digital passion are considered by the SSO to promote a successful future of the company with the chosen corporate governance and custom-oriented policies. Industry Opportunities and Threats The success of a strategic developmental process depends on a proper identification of the industry threats and opportunities as a part of the SWOT analysis that has to be developed in regards to Emirates ID. Due to the fact that the company was awarded as the Best Federal Authority according to the UAE Federal Government Excellence Program (Al-Khouri, 2012), it is expected that the company should meet the requirements set by the Federal Government Vision 2021 within the frames of which the UAE organizations can understand how to treat possible future initiatives and external factors. The SWOT analysis is a chance to look at the external environment and identify the threats and opportunities of the industry and possible reactions of the company. The main opportunities Emirates IA can use are the burning need to create comprehensive statistics concerning the population growth and the changes that can be observed among native citizens and visitors of the country. E-services have to be improved because of the governmental intentions to move to e-government possibilities. There is also a necessity to explain the importance of registration to as many applicants as pos sible. Emirates ID has a chance to analyze the strong and weak aspects of its previous strategy and continue approving its practices in regards to the global expectations and competitions. As for the threats that are not pleasant to the development of the strategy, it is possible to mention the lack of the required awareness and comprehension of customer needs. Though the company declares itself as a customer-oriented organization, the gaps in services and cooperation with customers are evident in the chosen industry. It is necessary to focus on legal improvements that can control the roles and duties of different local and national entities. Finally, the evident technological improvements are expected, and the company should be ready to use its potential and meet the requirements set. Internal Strengths The SWOT analysis aims at identifying the main strong aspects of the company that can be used in the chosen industry. The internal environment is strengthened by means of the produc tion of a unique ID card that can be used by the citizens and visitors of the countries for different transactions. Another peculiar feature of Emirates ID is its leaders, who are ready to promote changes and analyze the results. The company may also use the connection with various federal and local entities that want to promote a reengineered process as a chance to register population, control the changes, and cope with the challenges based on the complexity of enrollment processes and poor mechanisms for sharing information (Al-Khouri, 2012). In other words, the strengths of the strategy are explained by the ability of the company to identify the governmental needs and introduce fast and credible solutions to a variety of governmental problems. Internal Weaknesses However, there are several weak points that can put the strategy under a threat or create some challenges in the process. A poor promotional plan and the inabilities to ensure employees to follow the same activities may challenge the strategy. Performance challenges are also observed in the strategy because it is difficult to introduce performance indicators and explain them reasonably using the available resources only. The needs of the UAE federal government require more time to be met than it is expected. There is also a weakness in the internal communication that leads to the challenges in connection with external entities. People do not understand how they can use their resources and abilities to create good working conditions. All these aspects have to be better articulated by the managers and the leaders of the company. Strategic Factors The strategic framework helps to combine several key success factors with the help of which the team may understand how to take the activities in order to meet the goals set (deWit Meyer, 2010). Al-Khouri (2012) identifies success factors as the strategic enablers that can help to guide the progress that is expected as soon as goals are identified. More tha n ten factors are offered within the frames of the strategy under consideration. The most successful are leadership commitment, analysis of possible outcomes, the development of simple thinking models, the abilities to change management plans, and the possibility to upgrade a registration process in order to meet the customer expectations, respond to them in time, and enroll a comprehensive population register. The promotion of data exchange, it is necessary to improve the level of security and promote interactions with different entities. Finally, any kind of activity and goal set by the company should be accomplished by such factor as the awareness of its employees about the intentions of the company to promote changes. In other words, the success of the goals and strategic factors is predetermined by the level of knowledge developed by employees and the desire of the managers to involve their employees in an organizational change. Immediate and Long-Term Problems Strategic planni ng is an attempt to make decisions and choose the activities that can help organizations achieve success. However, not all companies are able to succeed in planning. Therefore, managers and leaders find it appropriate to spend their time and efforts on trying to change something. Such intentions cause one of the immediate problems, the inability to get ready for a new, unexpected change in time. There are also several long-term challenges Emirates ID may face with and has to overcome in a certain period of time. For example, the company may not cope with a mass enrollment that is caused by the presence of many tourists and visitors in the country. The UAE gains popularity quickly; therefore, its government tries to follow the activities of its native citizens and guests to the required extent. Another long-term problem is a coming infrastructure expansion. As soon as people start mentioning their requirements and expectations, organizations start expanding their services. More peopl e are necessary to provide the necessary number of services. Expansion cannot be avoided, and Emirates ID should know how to solve this problem. However, it is not enough to consider the threats of possible long-term problems. The attention to be paid to the immediate problems that can decrease the quality of services and products offered by Emirates ID. For example, e-services facilitation is the immediate problem as soon as some global changes and improvements take place. Emirates ID has to understand what steps can be taken to overcome the challenge of e-services’ importance. Critical Analysis The critical analysis of the case study should help to identify the problems the company faces, clarify the steps that are taken according to the strategy offered and the challenges that may be associated with the activities, and understand if Emirates ID can cope with the challenges and succeed in the implementation of the government organization strategy. In the concluding remarks, the author informs about the necessity to review the strategy, underline the adjustments that can be offered to the developed department activities, and use the key success factors (Al-Khouri, 2012). The importance of such evaluation is explained by the necessity to create a connection between the strategic objectives and organizational activities that can be developed regarding the KSFs. Symptoms vs. Underlying Problems Upon the analysis of the company, it is observed that Emirates ID’s strategic management approach may be defined as a successful attempt, but it is not perfect. Before 2010, the company demonstrated the abilities to introduce new ideas and involve more people in using its services and thoughts. Emirates ID used the preliminary development practices as the possibility to address the current infrastructure, analyze the technological aspect of the work, and evaluate the organizational requirements. However, all these activities were good as a part of the beginn ing strategy. It was necessary to develop a new approach on the basis of which the evolution of the company could be possible. A new strategy is created to provide leaders of the company with the information about the company’s development and the requirements that have to be met by its employees. From the very beginning, the development of the strategy could be defined as successful because the managers start with defining directions regarding the vision and missions of the company. Besides, the developers of a new strategy, the representatives of the SSO, introduce the strategy as the chance to think what can be done with the gaps between what can be achieved, what has been already achieved, and what should be actually achieved by the company. The main symptom of the strategy offered can be observed in the company’s intention to cover a huge number of customers and offer them the services that have to be implemented gradually. A certain space and explanations are nec essary to meet the goal and prove itself as a customer-oriented organization. In other words, Emirates ID provide the government with the guarantees; however, it is not able to prove that it can meet the goals and time deadlines. The chronology of the initiatives shows that the SSO representatives take care of each aspect of the work including operational plans, performance management, reengineering process, enrollment processes, and information delivery details that can be offered to stakeholders such as managers, customers, and the government. Though the author of the case study does not introduce the list of all advantages and disadvantages of the strategy because it has not been completely performed when the article was created, it is possible to predict that the positive impact of the activities is evident for the strategy. The main problem of the strategy is the necessity to meet the goals and time frames set. Emirates ID has to introduce a successful execution of the strategy . The SSO used its position to monitor the changes and promote initiatives. Besides, this department should take responsibility for advising managers and leaders, communicating with stakeholders, and explaining what can be done. Much responsibility is taken by a new department that is not able to develop appropriate relations with all departments that have been already created in the company. Another crucial problem is a serious issue for consideration because it is created on one of the main benefits of the strategy. Such proportionality can be explained the following way. The process of development of a corporate strategy is progressive and slow. Its developers regard the past experience and evaluate the current resources in order to choose appropriate solutions in the future. All activities are perfectly described in the each stage identified in the plan. However, as strong the description of the activities is as weak the relation between the departments become. The department te ams could follow the requirements and instructions identified by the SSO; however, people could not discuss their discontents or offer their ideas because of poorly developed communicative activities. There is no quality in the relations between the departments. Facts of the Case To prove the urgency of the problems and weaknesses of the strategy, the author of the case study introduces several facts and adds several statistical tables. For example, it is stated that the SSO helps to develop several initiatives within the frames of the corporate strategy in order to improve the communication between stakeholders and manage the leadership activities. It is not enough to develop the strategy and explain its urgency. It is necessary to explain how to use the ideas offered in the strategy and prove that the implementation process makes sense. One of the first steps that are offered is the development of operational plans. These plans introduce the activities and timelines with the help of which all participants can understand their duties. For example, the achievements of the plan can be depicted in the possibilities of the leaders to get a clear picture of what can be achieved in the next six months (Al-Khouri, 2012). The following initiative is connected with the promotion of performance management and the possibility to ensure buy-in indicators. The strategy execution is also incomplete without an appropriate reengineering enrollment process. Due to the existing problem such as the rapid growth of citizens and tourists and poorly developed technological mechanisms, Emirates ID should introduce ID cards quickly and effectively. Al-Khouri (2012) explains that the strategy can succeed in process efficiency and cost optimization as soon as the company can improve the experience customers get with the company. Poor delivery mechanisms lead to the impossibility to produce the required number of cards. In the middle of 2011, only from 5,000 to 7,000 ID cards are intro duced (Al-Khouri, 2012). It is expected to double increase the results in a half of a year and involve more employees in the work of the company. They should learn their customers better and try to develop interpersonal relations in a proper way. As soon as these goals are met, there is a possibility to create a plan according to which the delivery mechanisms can be improved from a technological point of view. Recognition of Important Factors One of the main recognitions made during the evaluation of the strategy is connected with the recognition Emirates ID as one of the first and best UAE federal entities that have managed to implement the strategy in its office. The offered strategy is a perfect combination of the qualitative and quantitative factors of the company and the possibility to improve the mistakes or shortages that have been made before the development of a framework. The main point is that Emirates ID has not made significant mistakes or challenged its employees. The problems are connected with the inability to cope with a number of citizens and guests that appear in the UAE in a short period of time and the necessity to have high-quality services and mechanism to develop and deliver the cards that contain all necessary facts about a person. Time Frame of the Case The case study discusses the corporate government strategy that is developed between 2010 and 2013. The author wrote the article in 2012. It means that the evaluation takes place at the moment of the strategy execution, and the author offered his personal guesses and the ideas on how all planned activities could be accomplished. Though not all innovations and activities were evaluated, there were many lessons that could be learned from the strategic implementation in terms of functional and technical aspects of the work and managerial achievements Alternative Assessment Feasible Alternatives Regarding the existing challenges and positive aspects of the successful government organizatio n strategy Emirates ID experienced between 2010 and 2013, several feasible alternatives can be offered to use the same company and develop new situations under which some new qualities and achievements can be observed. Alternative One For example, it is possible to pay more attention to the development of interpersonal relations in a company. Leaders may use the services of the SSO and focus not only on the technological aspects of the work. Several approaches should be developed to influence the relations between the departments. It seems to be enough to add one more goal to the already developed strategy and add several aspects of an effective interpersonal communication strategy. The leadership team should focus on hearing its employees and evaluating the ideas offered during the discussions. Leaders should learn how to hear and analyze the information but not simply give the orders and set the requirements. In their turn, employees should learn how to share their ideas in a prop er way. The main risk of such strategy is poor training offered to leaders and employees. That is why it is necessary to calculate possible costs that include the costs to educate and train employees and communicate with leaders. Two-times-per-week courses should be enough for both groups of people. The company spends about $30,000 per month on such courses. The main positive aspect of the alternative is the possibility to underline the importance of a person in a work of a huge system. The main con of such idea is the attention to a human factor and the possibility to provide people with the rights that influence the quality of the work. Alternative Two Another alternative that can be offered is the development of business relations with other organizations that can improve the delivery period in regards to the requirements set by the government. The implementation of such alternative requires many efforts and more time. However, the results of such cooperation should be twice bene ficial. On the one hand, Emirates ID can get access to the resources of other organizations and their experience. On the other hand, there is a need to divide the benefits and achievements of the activities developed. People like the idea of new relations and fresh ideas. Still, they should also learn how to share their experience with other people. The time that is necessary for such alternative implementation is about one or two additional months to investigate the options and make a choice and to develop the relations that can be fruitful for both parties. The main price that should be paid is the division of the success. The company can hardly be called as the only one organization that succeeded in implementation the strategy. Alternative Three The third alternative that can be discussed in terms of Emirates ID and its necessity to introduce ID cards with biometric and biographical data is based on a technological aspect of the work and the development of the system that can sa ve, store, and analyze information about people. For this strategy, it is not enough to create the SSO and provide it with the rights to organize the team and set the goals. It is necessary to create the department that investigates the technological and informative resources of the company and unites them with the abilities of the employees. Such alternative is the most expensive due to the necessity to pay salary to the technical experts, their communication with ordinary employees of the company, and reports to the leaders of the company. The timing aspect is beneficial because the creation of such department should shorten the period of accommodation to new requirements. It is expected to spend more than $500,000 on the development of such department in addition to the already offered strategy. Recommendation Taking into consideration the possibilities and the current achievements of Emirates ID, it is possible to provide the company with the following recommendation. The UAE is a highly developed country that has already proved its global impact and technological ideas (Toledo, 2013). It is wrong and useless to give some technical suggestions. However, Emirates ID has a chance to be improved with the help of a human resource initiative. More attention should be paid to the employees of the company and their cooperation with their managers. Leaders should not take care of their abilities to give orders and analyze the achievements. The necessity to support e-government (Westland Al-Khouri, 2010) and underline the importance of a person in the registration process is the task that has to be complete. The promotion of ID cards should not underline the importance of technical aspects. This promotion should be the opportunity to facilitate human efforts in exchanging information, searching for people, and developing contacts. Implementation The implementation of such idea is possible in case Emirates ID promotes the creation of a new department that aims at t he development of the relations between people and technologies. Employees should learn how to use technology and benefit with it without becoming addicted or dependent on technologies. The implementation plan should consist of the following stages: The analysis of the current situation in the company; The evaluation of the current technological achievements in the UAE; The distribution of free courses where employees can ask questions and receive information about the latest innovations and their possibilities; The development of online tests and evaluations where employees are able to share their opinions about the work of the company; The analysis of the responses given by employees and the identification of the similarities and differences; The improvement of cooperation between leaders, managers, and employees by means of common entertainments and meetings. Control The control of such recommendation should take place in two main stages. First, managers pay attention to the ac tivities taken by employees to improve the results of their work. Managers look at the situation and introduce the ideas of how the work can be done in another way if any. Second, the statistic department introduces the numbers according to which the quality of the work can be evaluated. Until the numbers are positive, the work of the chosen recommendation can be defined as effective. As soon as the actual numbers are below the expected number, there is no necessity to adjust some improvements. The only solution is to introduce a new approach for Emirates ID. Conclusion In general, Emirates ID with its corporate government development is one of the best examples of how the needs of the company meet the needs of the government and improve the quality of life of the UAE citizens. The intention to provide all citizens with special ID cards and help the government to take control over its people with their permission in a short period of time is a chance that is not available to all cou ntries. The benchmarked 2010-2013 strategy proves the possibility to overcome the challenges of strategic planning and high expectations of customers using the strategic directions, key success factors, missions, and objectives of the company. The SSO’s working model is one of the best solutions made by Emirates ID to involve stakeholders and underline the role of each department. Though the creation of value is not as successful as it is expected, the offered alternatives and recommendations may be considered to improve the situation and help the organization to achieve the goals that have not been achieved before. References Al-Khouri, A.M. (2012). Corporate government strategy development: A case study. Business Management Dynamics, 2(1), 5-24. Bryson, J.M. (2011). Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organizations: A guide to strengthening and sustaining organizational achievement. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Emirates Identity Authority. (2014). Emirates IDâ₠¬â„¢s corporate governance organizes training courses for service centres employees. Web. Toledo, H. (2013). The political economy of emiratization in the UAE. Journal of Economic Studies, 40(1), 39-53. Tricker, B. Tricker, R.I. (2012). Corporate governance: principles, policies and practices. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Westland, D. Al-Khouri, A.M. (2010). Supporting e-government progress in the United Arab Emirates. Journal of E-Government Studies and Best Practices, 1-9. Web. This case study on Comprehensive Strategic Management: Emirates Identity Authority Strategy was written and submitted by user Gloria F. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

20 English 101 Essay Topics That Are Well-Thought Out

20 English 101 Essay Topics That Are Well-Thought Out In this post, we will explore different ideas on writing a college English 101 essay and they can serve as a means of inspiration to you when writing your own English 101 paper. To simplify the task of drafting your paper, the second half of this post will contain an English 101 essay sample which should serve as a tutorial or a road map for your own writings. 20 Well-Thought Out Topics on International Student Migration for an English 101 Essay Analysing the Lure of Western Environments to Educationists Western Education and Student Migration: The Importance of Quality Education and Its Role in Student Migration Non-European Students and the Rush for Higher Learning Opportunities in Western Countries: A Case Study Taking Advantage of Educational Opportunities: How Foreign Students See International Migration International Student Migration and Finance: The Role of Increased Earning Power on Student Migration The World’s Growing Middle-Class, Excellent Education and the Role of Available Finances in Spreading Student Migration in Europe Analysis the Triggers for the International Graduates Success Based on the Degrees International Students Pursue Most as a Case Study A Look at the Top 10 Courses Migrating Students Participate In Scrutinising the Top Colleges International Students Choose to Attend and the Diverse Incentives that Make These Institutions Attractive to Them Are the Top Schools for International Students in the West the Best? An Analysis of International Students’ Migration Policies Scrutinising the Reason why STEM-related Study Fields Lure more Foreign Students than their Contemporaries Population Indexes and Student Migration: Analyse the Connection Between a Non-EU Nation’s Population and the Number Of Foreign Students it Creates Examining the Impact of International Students from Asia and Africa on Western Societies and their Corresponding Environment Discussing the Attraction of Western Metropolitan Cities to International Student Migrating to the US, Canada and the UK Examining Why Metropolitan Societies Are the Best Options for International Students Schooling in a Foreign Country Scrutinising the Different Visa Laws In the US and Their Effect on Students Examining the Discrepancies with the Number of Graduating Professionals and Those Granted with H-1 B Visas to Work in the US The Visa Crises: Why Graduating International Students Are Restrained from Actively Seeking Jobs in EU Countries and the US The Importance of Migrating Students to Western Educational Systems Scrutinising Diverse Migration Policies and How They Can Help International Students Seek Employment in the Host Countries Here we come to the end of the promised topics for writing your own English 101 essay samples. You can either lift off a topic from this post or modify one to simply begin your English 101 essay outline. English 101 Sample Essay The Visa Crisis: Why Graduating Students Are Restrained from Seeking Jobs in the EU and the US Research from the National Office of Statistics shows that approximately 670,000 students are legally allowed to school in the United States while 193,000 are also given visas into the UK. The research also goes further to show that less than a 10th of these students are provided with working visas to seek employment as professionals in both countries. Why is this so? The purpose of this essay is to highlight these discrepancies while also attempting to answer the question raised in the above paragraph. In order to do this, I intend to quote some facts from the US immigration office which states that approximately 19,500 individuals schooled in the US are given H-1B visas annually. Putting this figure against the 600 thousand getting an F-1 visa for study tells its own tales. First, it is important to state that the poor acceptance rate of skilled professionals has little or nothing to do with a candidate’s intelligence or competence as some may think. This is because a far larger portion of international students actually do very well academically in US schools but are still deemed in-equipped for work. Secondly, it also has next to nothing to do with them posing security threats for the average foreign student spends 3 years in the US without going against the laws. It means the issues are rather political and money-related. To back up my claim, let’s take a look at the H-1B visa admittance process. According to immigration statistics, more than a 100,000 professionals apply each year to become recipients of this working visa, and only a fraction of people are successful. You should remember that the process isn’t cheap as the participants must pay a particular amount before their applications can even be considered. Therefore, I believe the underlying factor here is a revenue generation. This is why F-1 visas are readily available to students bringing money into the countrys coffers while H-1B visas are more like unicorns. Finally, I believe it is important for countries to be upfront to students coming in to study, so the most perspective of them can accurately consider their options. In the modern society inventions are the key to the countrys success, and it shouldnt matter if they are made by the former international students or by the local ones Here we come to the end of the English 101 essay covering the issue of migrating students.

Gaia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gaia - Essay Example This would not be possible if the Earth's components were functioning separately. "It has never been too hot or too cold for life to survive on our planet, in spite of drastic changes in the composition of the early atmosphere and variations in the sun's output energy." (Lovelock, p 48). This is linked to humans in the way that our bodies sweat and shiver to maintain a body temperature. The Earth is not exactly shivering or sweating but is regulating its own temperature as most living organisms do, which is why the hypothesis stating that earth is functioning as a single organism is called the Gaia hypothesis, named after the ancient Greek Goddess of the Earth. The word Gaia may have many different meanings in many different circles but the essence is the same. Gaia is the Earth, its spirit, its Goddess and it's the unique technique in which the earth functions, a self-contained and remarkable anomaly in our solar system.

Flexibility at work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Flexibility at work - Essay Example Technology has changed the way the society works; thus many employees demand flexibility in order to become highly productive. Therefore, it is vital to offer work flexibility in the workplace because this will create organizational transformation; thus contributing to effective business performance. Spitznagel (1) attempts to reveal the way flexibility in the workplace has tremendously changed for the recent decades. The author reveals an example of an engineer who had already made significant transformation in his work process. Funaki who is an engineer skips his way into effective performance level and he carries a legacy from his former experience (Spitznagel 1). Transition from engineering to circus performing enabled Funaki to achieve better work related performance aspects because of flexibility in the workplace. Yost (para 5) argue that keeping updating innovation skills for work plus life flexibility strategy is vital in the current business world. Therefore, organisations w ill often implement a work or life flexibility policies to enable them improve business activities. Yost in his article provides varied ways of building flexibility in the future workplace; thus letting workers manage their time in the workplace can enable the company to improve their performance level (Yost para. 1). Many organisations have realized the significant of flexibility in the workplace; thus his has become one of the aspects of transforming the organisation towards achieving success. Therefore, many organisations have made significant efforts of avoiding the common traps by adopting new and flexible frameworks vital for creating effective organizational performance. One of the ways is making the goal work together with life well and this is through describing the flexible needs of employees so that this can reflect on the realities of professional services in the workplace. Recognizing that work plus life fit is an issue for every worker because it will enable employers to retain and manage workforce effectively. Creating a shared vision of work plus life flexibility is another aspect that can enable the business to accomplish their business goals successfully. Work flexibility can contribute to employee motivation and this is imperative because motivation in the workplace is one of the fundamental aspects for creating successful business performance. Many organisations such as General Mills organisation offer their employees options for flexible work situations such as working from home, support teamwork in specific areas and many other aspects. For instance, Chris Vocal, the general manager of General Mills Company talks about his work experience of working in an organisation where there is work flexibility (General Mills 2012). Moreover, Holmes (2011) argues that providing flexible work arrangements in the contemporary society is vital because this can contribute to success business performance. Holmes, the vice president of World of Work soluti ons at the Manpower Group believes that working from anywhere and the skills required to get work done have significantly changed because of technology advancement (Holmes (2011). Therefore, building a better future workplace demands flexibility where employers should trust their employees and employees should be flexible to accomplish business goals

Strathfield Health Centre Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strathfield Health Centre - Case Study Example It will also demonstrate an ability to relate key roles of information systems in improving supply and inventory activities. The point of supply chain managing is to do away with inefficiencies, mainly surplus inventory. Inventory is a barrier to uncertainty. Uncertainty is hard to predict. Partnership between supply chain allies assists to lessen uncertainty since they have a faster ability to react and adjust, but they do not eradicate it. Supply chain visibility is extremely valuable, in that, it eases uncertainty and manages inventories (Silver 7). This would make it easier for SHC to know what inventory is where in the supply chain. This should be from purchase demands to suppliers to where customer demands are collected at supply centers, the better SHC can run their inventory. People, process and skill used to manage all inventory should be examined by the SHC. The following method should be applied by the SHC management team in order to improve its supply of medical products. Plan for an improved supply system In order to manage an office supplies inventory, SHC needs recognize everything that is happening around them. The SHC team needs to look over their office supplies and determine which items are mostly used in the health centre. Secondly, the team needs to create a list of items that if they lacked at any moment it would lead to a halt of the business. SHC should store a reasonable amount of these medical supplies in case a shortage arises. They will bring efficiency around the health care centre. The SHC team should also maintain a list of the required supplies to save them the energy and time of preparing a new list every time they want to order medical supplies. They should look over the list of supplies on a weekly basis to update it and make sure that all medical supplies that the health centre requires are within their reach. Key roles of Information Systems in improving supply and inventory processes An information system (IS) refers to any blend of information technology and an individual’s actions that sustain management, operations and making of decisions. It is also referred to as an application landscape (Rainer 3). In an exceptionally wide logic, the phrase information system is normally used to refer to the communication between processes, people, technology and data. In this view, the expression is used not only to refer to the ICT that an organization employs, but also to the means in which individuals in the organization can work together with this technology in support of business activities (Rainer 45). An organization’s information systems refer to a set of interconnected modules that gather, develop, store up, and distribute information. This is for the reason of supporting an organization’s administrative team in making decisions, controlling, coordinating and analyzing. Improving the computer information system is not a choice in this technology-motivated age. It is an obligation. Organizations that use the latest information system to collect, incorporate, and calculate internal plus external information are achieving competitive benefit over other organizations (Rainer 50). With the development of communication networks and systems, there are almost no obstacles between the organization’s administration, customers, employees and suppliers. Management now caters much faster to a customer’s requirements and moans. Networked computing systems have

Bell Helicopters: A Legacy of Global Innovation

Bell Helicopters: A Legacy of Global Innovation Abstract   Ã‚   Bell Helicopters began as an adventure of Lawrence Bell when he created Bell Aircraft Corporation. Through his admiration for aviation, a company grew that would help the allies, with the P-39 fighter and B-29 bomber, win the Second World War and conquer the demon of the sound barrier by reaching Mach 1 with the X-1 flown by Captain Chuck Yeager. When Larry Bell turned his passion to vertical flight, a new industry was born, the helicopter. Bell Aircraft would become the first company to mass produce the helicopter and produced such icons as the Bell Huey, Huey Cobra, and Bell Kiowa. These helicopters would redefine modern warfare and pave the way for civilian use of the machines. Bell Helicopters would emerge from the Bell Aircraft Corporation and produce helicopters for the world. The Model 206, Jet Ranger would see significant use in every corner of the globe in almost any helicopter job imaginable. Bell Helicopters would create alliances with companies such as Agusta, Boeing, and Air Methods Corporation and eventually merge with and become a subsidiary of the global Textron Corporation. Bell Helicopter continues to be an international leader in technologies and airframes with annual global revenue of $3.5 billion, and whose services and products, such as the Bell 505-X and the Bell 525 Relentless, will serve the global economy for the far-reaching future. Helicopters have played a vital role in aviation since their inception in the late 1930s. While airplanes travel specifically from point to point, helicopters provide the enroute services to the destination. The helicopter was born during the first half century of powered flight and several key inventors at the time stand out. This paper will follow one of them, Lawrence Bell, namesake of Bell Helicopters. During the early years of flight, airplanes were capturing the hearts of crowds everywhere with their ever-increasing speeds, distances, and capabilities. Larry Bell, an aircraft designer and manufacturer saw the potential for a closer to the earth, smaller, more personal airframe that would serve both military and civilian needs. Bell Aircraft Corporation, as Bell Helicopters was initially named, would begin by producing aircraft for the WWII effort and followed with vital X- programs in aircraft design. Their aircraft would provide the Axis powers with the equipment necessary to win the war and the development and realization of supersonic flight that followed. When Larry Bell realized the need for a civilian version of military helicopters, Bell Helicopters was established and has grown today into an international phenomenon that influences people all over the world. Almost all communities in the world are effected by the work that helicopters perform on a daily basis and a significant portion of those helicopters have been built by Bell Helicopters. This paper shares an insight into the history, formative years, programs, legacy, current and future products, mergers, international challenges and businesses, and future forecast for Bell Helicopters; a legacy of global innovation. Larry Bell: The Nucleus of the Innovation Lawrence Bell was born in a rural town in Indiana in 1894, but his love of aviation and airplanes began, like so many aviation enthusiast, after attending an airshow, when his family moved to California just before his 16th birthday. Bell never finished high school and dropped out to join his older brother, Grover, who had become an exhibition pilot, working with Lincoln Beachey and pioneer airplane builder Glenn L. Martin of the Martin Company. Larry Bell began to work as an aircraft mechanic but became a stockroom clerk after his brother was killed in an aircraft accident. Moving up the company, Bell rose to vice president and general manager in 1920, of the aircraft manufacturing and demonstration company. Nevertheless in 1925, after disagreements with Martin, Larry Bell left the Martin Company. It would be three years before he would return to the aircraft manufacturing business, and this time, Bell was promised guarantees of interest in the company. That company, Consolidated A ircraft, would give Bell the experience he needed to foster his own company, and when Consolidated moved to California from New York, Larry Bell and his general manager would stay behind and develop their own company. Bell Aircraft, opened its doors in July of 1935, by renting space in the former Consolidated Aircraft plant in New York (Lips, 2007). The company would build its first aircraft, the XFM-1 Airacuda, for the U.S. military, in 1937. Even though only thirteen airframes were built, it proved that Bell Aircraft Company could produce high quality, innovatively designed aircraft. The company was substantiated. Establishing a Legacy In 1938, Bell was sent to Europe with other leaders in the aviation industry to observe aviation capabilities at the time. While in Germany, Bell was enthralled by the German mass-production assembly lines as opposed to the workshop, single airframe production at home. He would write home Production methods here are far superior to anything in America or any other country, because theyre doing this on a large scale that lends itself to progressive production methods (Lips, 2007). During his tours of the German production factories, Larry Bell would see a craft that would profoundly impress him, a Focke Fa 61 helicopter. He would file this away for later when the aircraft would change him and his namesake company. On returning to Buffalo, N.Y., Bell would introduce the mass production he had observed in Germany. In 1938, he would begin design of an aircraft that would allow the company to go from producing only 13 aircraft in a year to assembling over 20 a day, innovating the mass production methods for aircraft assembly. This aircraft, the P-39 Airacobra, of which over 9,500 would be built was initially intended for the American and British military. Though design augmentations and changes would prove the aircraft undesirable for its original clients, the Soviets, through the Lend-Lease Act of 1941, would acquire the airframe and become Bells first international aircraft transactions. The Second Great War During World War II, Bell Aircraft would diversify and develop separate divisions to facilitate the production of other projects for the war effort. It would also create the Bell Modification Center, which during the war would modify aircraft and give valuable experience for the Bell employees when the time came to transition aircraft from military to fulfill civilian needs. The Bell Aircraft Company would continue its development of aircraft with the P-63 King Cobra, a modified and upgraded version of the P-39 Airacobra. The company would also open a plant in Marietta, GA that helped produce the famous B-29 bombers until 1946 when the production ceased. This plant, the first in the South would stand to be an economic boom for the region as most aircraft manufacturing was completed in the Northeast or West Coast of the U.S. (Superfortress,2017). The X Planes Americas first jet powered airplane, the XP-59 was developed by Bell Aircraft in secrecy during 1942. Although the aircraft would never see combat during the war, the technologies and designs produced in the development of the XP-59 would usher the Americans into the jet age. In 1944, Bell Aircraft realized the need for a high-speed research aircraft that could explore and test new speed frontiers (Lips, 2007). On October 14, 1947, using a Navy engine, the Bell X-1 piloted by Captain Charles Yeager, would become the first aircraft to break the impenetrable sound barrier by traveling faster than Mach 1.0. The X-1 program would set the pattern for all future X-craft programs and the X-1 project defined and solidified the post-war cooperation between U.S. military needs, civil industrial capabilities, and research facilities (NASA,2008). Bell would continue with the X-planes creating the X-5, which was the first aircraft to test the ability to change the sweep angle of its wings in flig ht, and the X-14 (Type 68), a long running test platform for vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) that incorporated vectored thrust. Bell Aircraft would become a leader in the theory of tilt-rotor VTOL, first with the XV-3 then with the X-22, a quad-ducted fan tilt-rotor. The XV-15, a tri-bladed rotating wing-pod VTOL, would take the company into a new direction by providing the technology that would set the stage for the future of vertical takeoff and landing aircraft. No Runway Needed: the Age of the Rotorcraft When Lawrence Bell first became intrigued in Germany with the helicopter design witnessed, he may not have known the true impact it would have on his future. Bell had heard of a young inventor and philosophy student, Author Middleton, who had developed a working model of a helicopter, and in 1941 brought him onboard to lead a team to create and construct the first Bell helicopter. The team would set up shop in a newly acquired, former Chrysler dealership, in Gardenville, N.Y. Six months later the team had a helicopter made of plywood beams, magnesium, fir and balsa wood rotor blades, and powered by a 165-hp Franklin engine, the Bell Model 30, whos first flight was on December 29, 1942 (Bell Helicoters,2017). Production and design correction were made on the aircraft and in 1946 the renamed Model 47 was granted the first commercial type certificate for a rotorcraft. This would open the door for the increased research and development of further helicopters. Larry Bell, in response to m arketing research, directed the engineering team to begin construction on a larger aircraft of the future for the civilian market. The answer from the team was the Bell 42, a 4 passenger helicopter whose design would endure into modern day helicopters. Unfortunately, there was no potential large scale civilian market for the new technology at the time and only two prototypes were made, forcing the Bell Helicopter Division to concentrate on military style helicopters. Bell Helicopter Division would continue the development of the Model 47 throughout the 1940s, but with the war effort and its associated revenue gone, a group of dissident stockholders would attempt a failed hostile takeover of the company. The company would weather union strikes and see its wartime employee number of 50,000 drop to less than 3,000 full time employees (Scranton, 2001). The 1950s saw a change for the company and in 1951 the Bell Aircraft Corporation Helicopter Division was relocated to Hurst Texas to separate and concentrate on the helicopter production for the military. The Korean war had ignited a requirement for helicopters and by 1953 the 1000th Model 47 rolled off the assembly line. In 1954, a critical component of modern day helicopters was developed, the turbine engine. This would give helicopters a more dependable form of propulsion and move the helicopter from a novelty into a fully functional presents in aviation. In 1956, Lawrence Larry Bell, founder and visionary of Bell Aircraft Corporation, passed away. His dreams and salesmanship for his aircraft, and his helicopters in particular, would set the stage for the Bell Helicopter Corporation to be established as a wholly owned subsidiary of Bell Aircraft Corporation in 1957 (Bell, 2017). In 1956 Bell Helicopters, would produce a helicopter that would not only change the company but change the world, the Model 204. This was the first production helicopter to utilize the turbine engine and the timing of its development on the world stage could not come at a better period for Bell. The U.S. military was searching for a helicopter for its utility use and the Bell 204 was selected. Research and development and would continue into the 1960s when Bell would begin producing in mass, the now famous Huey helicopter, whose name was slang from the military designation HU-1, (helicopter, utility). The Vietnam War would see this aircraft, and the helicopter in general, go from an indulgence to a workhorse. The helicopter would play such a major role in the conflict that the war would become known as the Helicopter War. Over 16,000 airframes have been built by Bell and its licensees of the Model 204 and 205, making it the most successful military helicopter ever built (Bell 205, 20 17). This airframe would be the basis for helicopter models that are still being built and flown today. To assist the 204 in its wartime mission, the U.S. military would also require a more formidable aircraft, an attack helicopter, and Bell would answer with the Model 209. The 209 would be a slim, tandem pilot seated helicopter, thats sole mission was with the armament that it carried. This was the first time a helicopter would be utilized in this fashion and over 1600 of the original production models were manufactured. Bell realized the effectiveness of the aircraft for militaries and to date has exported the product to the militaries of Bahrain, Israel, Turkey, Thailand, Spain, South Korea, Pakistan, Jordan, and Japan. These militaries, around the globe, will continue to fly variants of the aircraft into the 2020s (Cobra, 2016). Although these two aircraft would become the mainstay of the military effort for the last half of the century, a smaller, lighter aircraft would be the true link between military and civilian rotorcraft usage for Bell; the Model 206. The 206 began life not as a military helicopter but as a civilian light helicopter in 1966 as 206A, but was soon transitioned to its military version for a lightweight observation helicopter, the OH-58A Kiowa. The helicopter would perform well for the military and models C and D would be flown by the U.S. military into the new century. Sales of the OH-58A/C and D to foreign nations would include to Australia, Austria, Canada, Taiwan, Mexico, Dominican Republic, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (Kiowa, 2016). But for Bell, the 206 would provide a tangent that would enter the company into a new era; the domination of the civilian helicopter market. The Bell 206 Jet Ranger would become the worlds most utilized light helicopter. It would continue i n production from the 1960s until 2010 when Bell delivered its last B206BIII Jet Ranger having built over 8,400 aircraft. The Jet Ranger continues to be the safest single engine aircraft ever built, with the lowest accident rate of any aircraft, fixed or rotary wing (Huber, 2010). Mergers and Ventures In 1952 the company began its first joint foreign venture with Agusta of Italy, whom it gave permission for the licensing of the popular Bell 47. Production on several versions and models would continue for over a half century with Agusta building Model 47s, 48s, and the Huey, model 204. (Agusta, 2017). The Bell-Agusta relationship would continue into the tilt rotor category and in 1998 the Bell Agusta Aerospace Company (BAAC) would be formed to produce a civilian version of the tilt rotor vertical takeoff and landing aircraft designated the BA609. The collaboration was dissolved when Agusta merged with another European company, Westland in 2011 and the new company was named the Agusta Westland Tilt Rotor Company. Agusta was just one of the joint ventures Bell Helicopter Company would enter into. During the World War II, Bell would collaborate with Boeing in production of the B-29 bomber, and from 1984 until 2000, would join in an alliance with Fuji of Japan to product that countries model 209 (AH-1) attack helicopter. In 1960 Bell Aircraft corporation was purchase and became a wholly owned subsidiary of Textron Corporation. This provided the financial umbrella for Bell to increase its long-term research and development involving helicopters and other specialty projects (Gale, 2006). More recently, in 2000, Bell Helicopters and Air Methods entered into a strategic alliance that will produce medical transport helicopter interiors for the Bell helicopters that service the Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) industry. To the Future and Beyond      Ã‚   Bell Helicopters maintains the focus required for creating rotorcraft to suite all the customer needs for the near and far future. From small to large, and with the capabilities to fulfill the roles that customers worldwide will demand, Bell Helicopters will continue to provide quality products at marketable prices. Under development are the Bell 505 Jet Ranger X, the Bell 525 Relentless, the VTOL V280 Valor. The Bell 505 is a five-place light helicopter that will fill a void in the Bell production line. The light helicopter category is the fastest growing of all the categories and the 505X is well suited to make the most of the needs of the consumers. The 525 Relentless will provide the super-medium helicopter clients with the performance and styling necessary to support a variety of customer needs, from oil industry transport, to medical services, to ultra-luxury transport. The VTOL V280 Valor will provide the enriched capability of vertical takeoff and landing and enhance the adva ntages of high speed deployment for the military sector. These aircraft, and the service and support that accompanies them, will cultivate the companys future endeavors for decades to come. Challenges and Trials The demand for helicopter sales, like all aircraft, are cyclical and difficult to predict and forecast. These swings in demand for new helicopters, and the accompanying services, could have significantly varying degrees of success or be unanticipatedly less than prediction models for the future sales. As Bell Helicopters world-wide military sales and post-sales service are a significant part of its revenue base, at 59 percent in 2015 (Textron, 2016), congressional appropriations, international priorities for defense spending, and instability in global events can have a significant effect on the helicopter market. Changes in governmental regulations on the export of military hardware and services to certain countries also has an impact on the ability of Bell Helicopters to maintain its production predictions. Civilian markets are just as unpredictable with factors relating to usage and economic stability. As industries reach a financial drip in production and operations, as recently in the oil and gas industry, who utilize helicopters extensively, demand for newer or replacement helicopters is shelved or new orders temporarily halted until operations have increased. As Bell Helicopters are marketed in U.S. dollars, any volatility in the exchange rates for foreign nations currencies, or fluctuations in foreign economic or political stability can have a detrimental effect on sales revenues and the ability to operate for post-sales service. New foreign regulations and laws concerning environmental protection, and those relating to climate change, are impacting the cost of product design and manufacturing and could affect the ability of Bell to operate in certain localities. The restriction of the operation of helicopters due to noise and emissions contributions in specified areas will have an impact on the requirement for new and existing products in countries with restraining regulations. Bell continues to develop and design quieter and environmentally friendlier products for inclusion into restrictive markets. The International Partnerships Bell Helicopters partners with over 50 global companies to provide the service and support for its worldwide customers. With logistical supply and service centers in Amsterdam, Prague, Canada, and Singapore, Bell Helicopters has a world-wide presence necessary to give customers responsive and accurate support. The Prague center is a state-of-the-art customization and delivery service center that upgrades the helicopter interiors of Bells customers to fit their individual needs. In Amsterdam, Bell Helicopters provides regional distribution and support for over 200 customers, in 55 countries spread across Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. Since 1974, the facility at Schipol, has been serving the European community by increasing the customer service capabilities. In Singapore, in addition to the marketing and service support provided to the military and civilian helicopter transportation industry of Asia, Bell Helicopters has opened a training academy for regulatory maintenance class es with theory and practical training (Gale, 2016). Bells largest manufacturing outside of the U.S. is conducted at Maribel, Canada. In 2016, Bell announced their plans for Mirabel to be the location for the final assembly of the new Bell 505X. Quoting Bell CEO, Mitch Snyder Our operations in Canada have been, and will continue to be, a vital part of our commercial growth strategy and Maribel will remain a cornerstone of our global production, RD, engineering, and certification activities. The Landing Bell Helicopters continues to be a formidable force for the future of vertical lift. By maintaining production cost controls at or below governmental contracted rates and providing on-time delivery of products, Bell Helicopters maintains a leadership in the military procurement of contracts throughout the world. In the civilian side, the innovations of leading edge technologies, and providing outstanding support for the entire life cycle of their products, will allow Bell to grow their market share. Civilian tilt rotor transportation is in its infancy and Bell is positioned to take full advantage of its continued growth. By focusing on new opportunities that arise and pioneering innovative ways for meeting their customers needs, Bell Helicopters will flourish and continue the vision of its founder for the future of vertical lift flight. References: Lips, J. (2007), Larry Bell: Aviations Super Salesman, Retrieved from: http://airportjournals.com/larry-bell-aviations-super-salesman-2/ Picture of Lawrence Bell, Retrieved from: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ commons/d/d0/Larrybell.gif Wright, T. (2011), Lieutenant Ivan Baranovskys P-39 An airacobras journey to the eastern front and back, Retrieved from: http://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/lieutenant-ivan-baranovskys-p-39-41818469/ Darling, R. (2017), Bell P-39 Airacobra, Retrieved from: http://www.flying-tigers.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/ai2-P-39-Airacobra.-American-made-and-supplied-to-the-Russians.jpg Goebel, G. (2015), The Bell P-39 Airacobra and P-63 Kingcobra, Picture Retrieved from: http://www.airvectors.net/avp39.html B-29 Superfortress, (2017), Retrieved from: http://www.boeing.com/history/products/b-29-superfortress.page NASA-Dryden History- Historic Aircraft X-1, (2008), Retrieved from: https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/history/HistoricAircraft/X-1/index.html Pic Chrysler Dealership, 1942, Retrieved from: http://www.bellhelicopter.com/ company/history/1935-1949 The History of Bell Helicopters 1935-1949, (2017) Retrieved from: http://www.bellhelicopter.com/company/history/1935-1949 Scranton, P. (2001), The Second Wave: Southern Industrialization from the 1940ls to the 1970s, University of Georgia Press The History of Bell Helicopters 1950-1959, (2017), Retrieved from: http://www.bellhelicopter.com/company/history/1950-1959 Agusta, A Finmeocian Company, (2017), Retrieved from: http://www.helis.com/ timeline/agusta.php The Bell 205, (2017), Retrieved from: http://www.helis.com/database/model/9/ Bell AH-1 Huey Cobra, (2016), Retrieved from: http://www.militaryfactory.com/ aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=13 Bell OH-58 Kiowa, (2016) Retrieved from: http://www.militaryfactory.com/ aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=1 Agusta-Bell 206A Jet Ranger History and technical description, HAB,(2011), Retrieved from: http://www.heli-archive.ch/en/helicopters/in-depth-articles/agusta-bell-206a-jet-ranger/ Textron Annual Report and Proxy, (2016), Retrieved from: http://investor.textron.com/ investors/investor-resources/annual-report-and-proxy-materials/default.aspx Gale, T. (2006), Textron Inc., Retrieved from: http://www.encyclopedia.com/ social-sciences-and-law/economics-business-and-labor/businesses-and-occupations/textron-inc Huber, M. (2010), Bell Ceases Production of its 40-year old Jet Ranger, Retrieved from: http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/aviation-international-news/2010-09-21/bell-ceases-production-its-40-year-old-jetranger

Cold Mountain by Charles Frazier Essay -- Cold Mountain Charles Frazie

Cold Mountain In Charles Frazier’s Cold Mountain, the theme of music is one of the novel’s most powerful themes. From symbolizing character growth to the healing of physical wounds, music plays an integral part in this novel. While many critics will point out that music has little effect on the human psyche, Charles Frazier shows his belief that music does indeed have a profound effect on the human mind throughout Cold Mountain. Throughout the novel, Inman, Ada, Ruby, Stobrod, and many other characters experience music that allows them to keep faith against the odds or even heal their wounds! There are three major types of music used in this novel; hymn music, folk music, and â€Å"natural music†. It is through these types of music that the characters in this novel regain their strength to continue their journeys. Many critics of Cold Mountain claim that Frazier ignored certain historical facts in order to make his point. However, when writing about the music of the Sou th during the Civil War, Frazier stays very accurate in the use and power of music. In the world of Cold Mountain as well as the historical South, music is an extremely powerful force. Even though there is only one scene in this novel that involves a church, hymn music is one of the most prominent themes in Cold Mountain. Even more surprisingly, Frazier’s usage of hymn music throughout the novel is very accurate. Hymn music during the Civil War was extremely important to the Christian churches as well as to society as a whole. Religious music was a wonderful representation of the values and culture of the times (Squire 237). It is through hymns during the Civil War that values and culture are passed down. The hymns of Monroe’s church caused Ada to grow... ...venate, and even save the lives of people. To Frazier it is through music the meaning to life is found. Works Cited 1. Bealle, John. Public Worship, Private Faith: Sacred Harp and American Folksong. Athens: U of Georgia P, 1997. 2. Berger, Melvin. The Story of Folk Music. New York: S.G. Phillips, 1976. 3. Carlin, Richard, and Bob Carlin. Southern Exposure: The Story of Southern Music in Pictures and Words. New York: Billboard, 2000. 4. Douglas, Winfred. Church Music in History and Practice. New York: The Hale Foundation, 1962. 5. Frazier, Charles. Cold Mountain. New York: Vintage, 1998. 6. Jennings, Lane. â€Å"Where, Oh Where, Have the Good Old Songs Gone?† Futurist Nov/Dec. 2003. EBSCOhost. Online. Academic Search Premier. 7 Feb. 2004. 7. Squire, Russel. Church Music. St. Louis: The Bethany P, 1962.

Employee Turnover and Its Effect on Performance of a Hospitality Industry Essay

Hospitality industry is an industry that provide the servives of food, drink and lodging facilities. The hospitality industry comprise of commercial and welfare sector. The commercial sector includes the hotel, restaurant, inn, guest house, vending services etc and the welfare sector are the hospitals, aged and welfare homes, etc. in the cause of this research, we will be looking in the commercial sector narrowing it down to the hotel sector. According to ( )the ratio of the number of workers that had to be replaced in a given time period to the average number of workers Employee turnover is the process of replacing one worker with another for any reason. A turnover rate is the percentage of employees that a company must replace within a given time period. When employees leave a company and have to be replaced, that’s called turnover. Some employees will always retire, move away, go back to school, or leave the workforce. This level of turnover is not only unavoidable, it can be beneficial. It brings new people into the organization with new ideas and a fresh perspective. Employees’ turnover is a well-recognized issue of critical importance to the organizations. Lack of employees’ continuity involves high costs in the induction and training of new staff. Organizational productivity is also one of the challenges that arise as a consequence of turnover (Siong et al, 2006). Employee’s turnover is a widely researched phenomenon. A huge amount of theoretical and empirical literature identified various factors/reasons responsible for employees’ turnover. However, there is no standard reason why people leave organization (Ongori, 2007).

Discussing Emotions in Spanish

Discussing Emotions in Spanish Spanish has at least five common ways of referring to emotions or describing how someone feels or becomes emotionally. These include the use of estar and tener; reflexive verbs used for specific emotions; and two verbs that often mean to become, ponerse and volverse. Using Estar With Emotions For English speakers, the most straightforward way to talk about emotions in Spanish is to use estar, one of the verbs for to be, followed by an adjective of emotion. Mi pap est feliz de ver su paà ­s. (My father is happy to see his country.) Las autoridades estn preocupados por el incremento de casos de sobredosis. (The authorities are worried about the increase in overdose cases.) Al principio pensaba que estaban enfadados conmigo. (At first I thought they were angry with me.) Va a estar emocionada por conocerte. (She is going to be excited to meet you.) Using Tener With Emotions Although estar can be used with some emotions, Spanish speakers often prefer to use tener, the verb for to have in the sense of to possess, with some emotions. In effect, the idiom is that a person has a particular emotion rather than that the person is in a certain emotional state. For example, although you could say est asustada to say that a friend of yours is afraid, it would be more common to say, Tiene miedo, literally She has fear. Here some examples of this use of tener: Mi senador no tiene fe en la ciencia. (My senator distrusts science. Literally, my senator doesnt have faith in science.) Antonio le tenà ­a celos a Katarina cuando eran nià ±os. (Antonio was jealous of Katarina when they were children. Literally, Antonio had jealously toward Katarina when they were children.) Si las cosas son diferentes, tendrà © la ilusià ³n de regresar. (If things are different, I will be thrilled to come back. Literally, if things are different, I will have the thrill of coming back.) Reflexive Verbs for Specific Emotions Some reflexive verbs include in their acquiring of an emotion. Perhaps the most common such verb is enojarse, which typically means to become angry or to get angry: Jennifer se enojà ³ cuando la periodista la llamà ³ por telà ©fono. (Jennifer got angry when the newspaper reporter called her on the telephone.) Enfadarse is preferred over enojarse in some regions: Si pierden los llaves, me enfadarà ©. (If they lose the keys, Ill get angry.) Here are some of the reflexive verbs frequently used for other emotions: aburrirse (to get bored with, to get tired of): El abuelo de la actriz  se aburrià ³ de su libertina nieta y la desheredà ³. (The actress grandfather got tired of his wild granddaughter and disinherited her.) asustarse (to become frightened): Vi a la policà ­a y me asustà ©. (I saw the police and I got scared.) alegrarse (to become happy): Se alegrà ³ mucho de recibir la noticia. (She became very happy upon hearing the news.) enamorarse (to fall in love): (Te enamorars de los chicos salvadoreà ±os. You will fall in love with the Salvadoran children.) fastidiarse (to become annoyed): Mi decisià ³n se debià ³ sencillamente a que me fastidià © de depender de la nicotina. (My decision came about simply because I became annoyed at depending on nicotine.) irritarse (to become irritated):  ¿Se irrita usted con facilidad? (Do you get irritated easily?) calmarse (to become calm): Durante todo el trayecto estaba preocupado, pero me calmà ³ cuando estbamos aterrizando. (During th e whole flight I was worried, but I calmed down when we were landing.) entusiasmarse (to get excited): Cuando oyà ³ estas palabras, Paula se entusiasmà ³. (When she heard these words, Paula got excited.) exasperarse (to lose patience): (En ocasiones me exaspero. Sometimes I lose my patience.) preocuparse (to become worried): Nos preocupamos por el nivel acadà ©mico de los alumnos. (We got worried about the academic level of the students.) sorprenderse (to become surprised): Me sorprendà ­ cuando veà ­a que era tan joven. (I became surprised when I saw she was so young.) Using Ponerse and Volverse The reflexive verbs ponerse and volverse are frequently used to refer to changes in emotional state. Although the two can be interchangeable, the difference is that ponerse tends to be used for rapid changes in emotions while volverse tends to be used for more lasting changes. El jugador se puso triste por no ser titular. (The player got sad for not being the champion.) Mi problema es cuando mi amigo se pone indiferente conmigo. (My problem is when my friend becomes indifferent to me.) Los espaà ±oles se volvà ­an felices con la medalla de plata. (The Spanish became happy with the silver medal.) Se ha vuelto carià ±oso y responsable. (He has become caring and responsible.)

Personality and Its Assessment Essays

Personality and Its Assessment Essays Personality and Its Assessment Essay Personality and Its Assessment Essay Personality has different meanings for theologians, philosophers and sociologists, and within psychology it has been defined in many ways (Allport, 1937). The main reason that leads so many psychologists to explore the human personality is that by doing so, the opportunity to predict a person’s behaviour in a situation presents itself, even before a situation occurs. Knowing more about one’s personality also allows us to learn about his/her dominant traits, information that can be of use in many aspects of everyday life (e. . recruiting the right people for the right jobs, treating a patient with the most suitable therapy etc. ). Many psychologists today (Block, Weiss and Thorne, 1979) define personality as a â€Å"more or less stable, internal factors that make one person’s behaviour consistent from one time to another, and different from the behaviour other people would manifest in comparable situations† (Childe, 1968). This definition gives us a clear v iew of the four major assumptions in the concept of personality: stable, internal, consistent and different. From the constructivist view, personality is seen as the combination of three equally important components: the actor, the observer and the self-observer. The actor component refers to the characteristics that a person brings to the social situation in which personality is constructed. These include all the genetic factors that may have the influence on a person’s behaviour, what he/she is capable or incapable to perform, as well as the individual’s history and present goals. The observer component refers to the way the actor is perceived by other people. Observers use the actor’s behaviour to construct an impression of the actor’s personality by adding social significance and meaning to the presented behaviour. As a result of this, we categorize people’s behaviour into different groups (e. g. ‘friendly’, ‘obnoxious’). These categories, apart from telling us about directly observable information, also add inferred meanings. The self-observer component is the direct consequence of the human ability to be self-aware. We can observe ourselves as we can observe other people, and we can see ourselves as we think other people see us. Throughout time, researchers have constructed various tools, scales and tests to attempt assessing personalities. The four main assessment methods currently used are interviews, observation, objective tests and projective tests. Interviews can be of two kinds, the structured and the unstructured. In the structured interview the person would be given a set list of questions to answer. These would mostly refer to the way a person sees him/herself behaving in different situations, by choosing the most appropriate statement that would describe him/her most accurately. In the unstructured interview the person would be asked to talk about himself without any obligation to a specific order and without much direction from the assessor. The observation method is used by the psychologist to learn about a person’s personality, through observing a person’s action and behaviour in different situations. The objective and projective tests are designed to learn aspects of one’s personality. While the objective way uses self-inventories that involve paper and pencil test, the projective way is about deriving information while a person talk about ambiguous stimuli. I shall go into further detail on these two means of assessment and their validity. While looking into methods of assessment, the two main personality tests appeared in either a structured or in an unstructured form. Structured Personality Tests The first structured personality test (also known as ‘objective’) was introduced by the U. S Army, while recruiting soldiers for World War I. The purpose of this test was to identify emotionally disturbed recruits. The test consisted of a list of questions that dealt with different symptoms or problem (e. g. â€Å"do you wet your bed? †). If the recruit was reporting many such symptoms, he was sent to further psychiatric examination (Cronbach, 1970). More personality tests were later introduced; the 2 major ones were the MMPI (Hathaway and McKinley, 1940) and the CPI. The MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory) assesses traits in comparison to psychiatric diseases, with the intention to make the test multiphasic, meaning diagnostic of a number of different kinds of psychopathology. This test was more concerned in finding abnormal behaviour that would indicate a psychiatric criterion (e. g. paranoia, depression, schizophrenia etc. . The CPI (California Psychological Inventory), unlike the MMPI, focuses on non-clinical behaviour and is more directed to high school and college students. This test investigates various personality traits such as sociability, dominance, responsibility etc. The validity of Structured Personality Tests The main problem with constructed personality tests is that most people taking i t are more or less aware of what the questions represent. Instead of giving an honest account of themselves they may try to manipulate their answers to avoid a stigma of a mental disorder or social stereotypes. Likewise, a person may wish to present him/herself in a bad light, in order to avoid undesirable object (e. g. being drafted). Even when precautions were taken by adding certain validity scales to the test, scales that were meant to make it easier to indicate when a lie was recorded, there was still no guarantee that patients weren’t lying to themselves and projecting their false interpretations when answering such tests. Furthermore, though personality tests can predict behaviour, their accuracy is doubtful. The correlation found between test scores and validity criteria are generally around +0. 0, indicating a low to moderate association (a perfect association between sets of scores produces a correlation of (+/-) 1. 00, whereas scores that are totally unrelated produce a correlation of 0) (Lasky et el. , 1959). Unstructured Personality Test The unstructured personality tests (also known as ‘projective’), introduced in the 1940’s and 1950’s, presen ted the examinee with unstructured tasks such as making up a story to fit a picture or describing what he/she sees in an inkblot. These tests were formed in such way that the examinee -instead of describing how he/she feels, acts or wishes- requires to do so regarding other stimuli. One example of such test is the Rorschach test (Rorschach, 1921). In this test, 10 symmetrical inkblots are presented to the individual; some are coloured and some black and white. The individual is required to describe what he/she sees. The method of interpretation regarding this test consist of various hypothesis, such as the one which claims that using the entire inkblot indicate integrative, conceptual thinking, whereas the use of the white space is supposed to be a sign of rebelliousness and negativism. Responses that are dominated by colour suggest emotionality and impulsivity. Another example is the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) (Murrey, 1948). This consisted of thirty pictures of various scenes and a blank card. In each the examinee is required to imagine his/her own scene; describing what is shown, what led up to it and what the outcome of the scene will be in his/her eyes. This outcome of the TAT was interpreted by considering the examinee’s desired end- product as a picture of his/her major motives and conflicts, achievements and aspirations. The validity of Unstructured Personality Tests By now there are over 11,000 published articles regarding the Rorschach and the TAT. According to some experts, these tests have a very limited validity (Holt, 1978; Klein, 1982; Rorer, 1990). These studies have shown that individual Rorschach measurements have little relation to external validity criteria. In its ability to predict psychiatric symptoms, TAT assessments proved no better than the Rorschach’s test. In a study initiated in 1950, TAT was administrated to over 100 males, some in psychiatric facilities and others in college. The TAT results showed no difference between the normal group and patients. It also lacked the ability to show differences within the psychiatric groups (Eron, 1950). Although the TAT was proved to have little value as a diagnostic assessment for psychiatric classification, studies have shown that the test has some validity for more limited purpose, in particularly regarding indications of personal motives. One group of investigators worked with examinees who had not eaten for various periods of time. When presented with TAT pictures, their stories were highly connected to food and hunger, in comparison to the participants of the control group. Similar findings have been obtained concerning various other motives such as aggression, sexual arousal and the need for achievements (Atkinson and McClelland, 1948). Personality tests, in both their structured and unstructured form, consist of many more formats and use a large quantity of assessment methods. Although both types of tests consist of certain flaws, and are not always reliable, their contribution to the understanding of personality is significant. The appearance of such tests in the early 40’s has raised the interest of many researchers, psychologists and psychiatrics, and gave way to further studies on the issue of personality and its construct. References: Gleitman, H. (1999) psychology 5th edition, Norton (chapters 16 and 17) Hampson, Sarah E. (1988) The construction of personality: an introduction. 2nd edition, London: Routledge

The opportunities and challenges of the Chinese market in the context Essay

The opportunities and challenges of the Chinese market in the context of globalization - Essay Example This paper shall discuss these opportunities and challenges. Main Body Literature Review The major economic progression of China for the past 20 or so years has become a source of much admiration as well as concern. Other developed countries, including the US have made significant efforts towards speeding up China’s economic growth. However, when China actually liberalized its economy, the West had contrasting feelings about such liberalization (Wen, n.d). The industrial states are now experiencing trade frictions with China which led to various protectionist actions against Chinese products which have become widely present in their markets. Moreover, the impact of China’s growth are not focused only on the economic, they also have significant political and strategic complications. Being a capitalist economy, the main goals of China as it gains strength is to be under major scrutiny by other countries (Zweig, 1999). It is difficult to understand whether its economic act ivism would present problems to the western goals towards securing political reform, human rights protection, and liberalized trade in Latin America and Africa (Liang, 2010). The bigger issue is also on whether the country will likely become a revisionist player or a status quo unit in the world economy and politics (Liang, 2010). The relationship of developing countries with China is both good and bad. In general, China’s growth has provided opportunities and challenges to the developing countries. The significant rise in China’s imports from the developing world has established an engaging market relating to the diversification of exports; however, other developing countries also have to compete with China’s products within the third world setting (Liang, 2010). For its neighbours in Asia including other developing Latin American states, there is a significant concern that China’s place in the global economy may negatively impact on their own growth. Mo reover, other Asian countries are also having the same concerns as their western counterparts about China’s expanding and growing military capability. Globalization refers to the deeper relations of different countries caused by the expanded trade, investment, and production activities. The past 10 or so years has seen the rapid pace of globalization. Globalization has actually become the foundation of centrality principles following the Cold War era (Smith and Baylis, 2005). The elements of China’s globalization shall be evaluated further in this paper. China’s economic expansion China has benefitted significantly from globalization. Since 1978 when it was gradually liberalizing its economy, the country has secured an annual expansion of its GDP at 9.4 percent. In 2007 alone, it reached a peak of 11.5 percent (Liang, 2010). This growth rate has placed the country in more or less the same pace as Germany as third world’s largest economy. China has increas ed its growth since the 1980s. In 1978, China’s foreign trade was at $20.6 billion and in 2006 it was up to $1.76 trillion (Ministry of Commerce, 2007). China’s trade share in the GDP in 2005 was at 64% (Little Data Book, 2007). China also became a major centre in manufacturing with its export platform of the cross-national production network (Liang, 2010). China’s foreign trade in 2004 included a processing trade value close to $600 million, with 60% of their profits on products

CVP Analysis Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

CVP Analysis - Research Paper Example In order to bring a revolution in the existing business practices of the company, it is important that a new pricing strategy is devised that is based on the strategic objectives of each product individually. Furthermore, the decisions for the allocation of funds for the Research & Development (R&D) of each product should be taken individually and on annual basis to achieve the desired objectives of the product and the company. However, my strategic decision making for each year has resulted into 60% profitability in case of product X5 and 50% profitability in case of product X6. Furthermore, the increased spending on maintenance, support, enhancement and discovery for product X5 and X6 showed improved product which resulted in higher customer satisfaction. Furthermore, the discontinuation of product X7 through the four years helped in the success of the first two products. Nonetheless, a new strategy needs to be determined using contemporary strategy determining tools like Cost-Volu me-Profit (CVP) analysis. 1.1 Aim The aim of this report is to discuss the new pricing and R&D allocation strategy for the core products X5, X6 and X7 using CVP analysis and calculator. 1.2 Objectives To analyse the subsequent performance and life cycles of each product due to the difference in the decisions. To determine the new pricing decisions and R&D budget allocation strategy for each core product, namely: X5, X6 and X7 taken in 4 years (i.e. from 2012-2015). To provide rationale of the proposed strategy with theoretical support. 2 Analysis of Pricing and R&D Allocation Strategy Used in Phase 2 2.1 Penetration Pricing Strategy In order to enter into the established marketplace, Tablet Development Corp. has to undertake the penetration pricing strategy. A penetration pricing strategy is used when the company has to enter into an established marketplace and to attract the market in a substantial manner through low-pricing techniques. In the year 2012, the price of product X5 was set at the lowest possible price of $180 and it was increased by $5 every year. Similarly, the price of X6 was set at $300 only and was increased by $10 each year. The product X7 was discontinued in four years. 2.2 R&D Budget Allocation Strategy Strategic distribution of the R&D budget over the years is key to the success. Therefore, only first two R&D activities require substantial investments whereas the last two requires little investment to keep it going. The R&D budget allocation was increased for product X5 and X6 in the subsequent years whereas, product X7 was allocated less percentage of the R&D budget. The less amount shows the R&D allocations for the maintenance of product X7. 3 Determining New Strategy for Core Products of Tablet Development Corporation Apple Inc. and Microsoft have been involved in developing new products on a regular basis. In this wake they incurred fixed costs related to R&D expenditures and other costs of new product development. In order to remain competitive in the global marketplace, they adopted a new method to determine the prices and R&D allocations for multiple products on a unit cost basis (Morse, 2003). They assumed that the costs of all the products will remain fixed and thus, determine a profit or a loss situation for the new product. The